Retort oil-burner



Patented Aug. 23, |898.

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city and county of San Francisco, Stateof with which the apparatus isconnected. In

`projecting outside of the globular'V head enllNrTEn STATES PATENTEErcE.

Ri-:ToRr OIL-BURNER".

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,552, dated August23, 1898.

Application filed March l0, 1 8 9 8 .To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. LARKIN, a citizen of the United States,residing in the California, have invented an Improvement in RetortOil-Burners; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,andexact description of the same.

My invention relates to an apparatus which is especially designed forthe combustion of crude or other Oil as a fuel. r

It consists, essentially, of ay vaporizing chamber or retort, a meansfor supplying and delivering oil thereto, a 'surroundingsuperheating-chamber, with means for supplying steam to this chambersurrounding the oilvaporizing retort, means for finally delivering thesteam to mingle with the vaporized oil, and in a novel construction ofthe apparatus, and a means for applying various tips through which thecombined oil and steam are discharged into the combustion-chamber.

It also comprises details of construction which will be more fullyexplained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figurelis a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus, taken through lineo@ of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken through line 'y y oflFig. l. f

Theapparatus consists of an exterior chamber Aand an interior chamber B,essentially concentric therewith, the two being cast inna singlestructure, one end of the outer chamber being closed by the annular endC, which is cast with the cylindrical portions A and B, while the innerchamber B is open from end to end.

The end C of the apparatus is designed to enter the furnace or nre-boxwhere the combustion is to take pla-ce, and the open end of the centralchamber B is screw-threaded or Otherwise so formed as to allow of theeasy introduction and removal of the burner-tips D. These tips are madeof various forms, dependent upon the character of the furnace thepresent case I have shown a style of tip having a globular end, witha'segme'ntal slit made in the end and projecting lips or ianges d uponeach side of the slit. These flanges serai no. 6732359.v y or@ motel.)

` able the user to spread them apart (see dot ted lines in Fig. 1) orclose them together at any point inthe curvature of the segment, whichis approximately nearly a half-circle, and by thus opening or closingthe lips the size,`direction, and character of the jet can` be varied tosuit the requirements of the furnace.

It will be understood that various forms of tips may be employedfor'this apparatus, de-

` pending upon the character of the tiame desired. l i

The rear endV of the apparatus is closed by a screw-plug E, whichisliitted into screw threads in the rear end of the chamber B, and thisplug has formed with it a flange F of a diameter equal `,to or largerthan that of the exterior peripheryof the chamber A. This diskand" theopen end of the chamber A being faced off, when the plug E is screwed inso as to close the rear end of the tube B the disk F will iit snuglyagainst the rear end of the exterior chamber A, thus closing the two atone loperation,andwhen it is desired to open the apparatus it is easilydone by screwing out this plug and disk, thus exposing the Wholeinterior of the apparatus for inspection 0r repair. A i

Through the center of the plug F. is made an opening, into Athe outerend of which is ply pipeG. Into the inner end of the plug is screwed thepipe H, which extends approxiscrewed or otherwise connectedtheoil-supmately to the center of `the chamber B and 'has attached toits end a tip I,with a suitablyformed discharge-opening at the end bywhich the oil is delivered into that portion of the vaporizing-chamber Bnearest to the burnertips.

J is an annular inwardly-projecting flange cast with the body of theapparatus, and the inner diameteris such as to allow the tip I toproject through it. This flange forms a partial diaphragm or partition,leaving an annu lar channel between its inner periphery and the outerperiphery of the tip I, thus partially separating the rear and front endof the`chamber B, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. I i i K isa longitudinal diaphragm or partition cutting. the outer" chamber A intotwo segments. This partition extends from the rear IOO end of thechamber A to a point near the front head C, leaving a space between itsfront end and the head C, so that connection is made at the frontbetween the two parts of the chamberl A. Into one of these segments,which in the present case is shown at the top, opens a steam-pipe L,which supplies steam directly from the boiler or other source. The steamfills the space in this half-segment surrounding the inner chamber B,and passing toward the front it passes through the connecting-space atthe front end of the diaphragm K, thence passes into the lower part ofthe chamber, as shown by the arrow, and in this manner completelysurrounds the interior chamber B.

At the rear end of the chamber B is an opening M, connecting the chamberA with the rear portion of the chamber B and behind the annularpartition J.

The operation will then be as follows: The oil is supplied through thepipe G into the rear portion of the chamber through the tube H, and thesteam is admitted through the pipe L into the surrounding chamber, theheat of the steam acting upon the inner chamber by passing around it andfrom one end to the other vaporizes the oil and raises itstemperature,'and the steam then passing through the passage M, as shownby the arrow, is delivered through the annular channel between the tip Iand the partition .I into the exterior vaporizing-chamber at the frontend of the chamber B, where it is intimately mingled with the vapor ofthe oil and the two are discharged through the tip d into the re-boX.

This apparatus projects into the fire-box so far as to be subjected tothe heat therein, and this, acting upon the exterior ohamberA, willsuperheat the steam which is admitted thereto, so that when it hasfinally passed around a chamber A and into the inner chamber B itstemperature is elevated and it becomes more eifectnal in bringing theoil-vapor to a gaseous condition. The action of the steam passingthrough the annular channel around the tip I will serve to atomize theoil which has not been vaporized and greatly assist-in vaporizing it. Bythus making a complete steam-jacket around the oil-vaporizing chamberand 'superheating the steam therein I am enabled to intimately combinethe steam and the oil-vapor when they are brought together.

If it be found necessary to burn coal while these oil-burners are inposition, alittle steam may be turned into the burner, which will keepit from being injured by the exterior heat and the decomposition willsupply an element which, uniting with the smoke, will practically make asmoke-consumer for a coalburning furnace.

The apparatus as here constructed also serves to a certain extent tomake the burner automatic in its action, as follows: The oil is suppliedunder a certain regular pressure, and if the steam-pressure in theboiler is reduced the corresponding pressure within the superheating andvaporizing chamber will be lessened. Consequently more oil will flowthrough the supply-pipe to the burner and a larger flame will result atthe burner-tip. As this fire increases the steam-pressure rises and willcorrespondingly increase within the Vaporizing chamber, thus forming aback pressure, which will retard the flow of oil and correspondinglyreduce the iame and fire. A very considerable rise in the steam-pressurewill practically stop the iiow of oil temporarily until thesteam-pressure is again reduced.

The advantage in the construction herein shown, enabling the burnertipsto be easily removed and replaced, and the facility with which the wholeapparatus can be opened by simply disconnecting the steam and oil pipesand removing the plug E, are of great advantage.

When it is desired to clean the pipe I-I, the oil-supply is cut off, andby means of a discharge-pipe O, with a valve or cock, (not here shown,)steam can be blown backwardly through the tip I and pipe H, so as tothoroughly clean them.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire tosecure byLetters Patent, isl l. In a retort oil-burner of the characterdescribed, concentric oilvaporizing and steamsuperheating chambers castin a single structure with an annular permanent closure for the frontend of the superheating-chamber, an open passage directly through theinner vaporizing-chamber, screw-threaded at opposite ends, a burner-tipremovably iitted to the screw-threaded front end of said chamber, ascrew-plug closing the rear end of the chamber, and having an annulariiange adapted to fit against and close the rear of the exteriorsuperheating-chamber coincidently with the closure of the centralchamber.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a central cylindricalvaporizingchamber open at opposite ends, an annular superheating-chamberconcentric and eXterior thereto with a permanently-closed front end, ascrew-cap closing the rear end of the inner vaporizing-chamber andhaving an annular ange to fit against and close the rear of thesuperheating-chamber, a diaphragm extending from the rear of theexterior chamber to a point near the front leavin g an opencommunication between the two halves of said chamber, a pipe by whichsteam is admitted into one of said halves to circulate around thecentral chamber to be returned through the other half, and a passage bywhich the steam is delivered from the eXterior into the rear end of theinterior chamber, a centrally-disposed oil-supply pipe and tip throughwhich the oil is delivered into the central chamber and a removableburner-tip fitting the front end of said chamber.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a central cylindricalopen-ended retort and vaporizing-chamber, a concentric exteriorsuperheating-chamber permanently closed at the front end, a burner-tipscrew threaded and fitting corresponding threads in the front end of thecentral chamber, a screw-plug and annular disk serving to close the rearend of both chambers in unison, a diaphragm Yby which the outer chamberis divided into two segments, said diaphragm having open communicationbetween the two halves near the front end of the superheating-chamber, apipe through which steam is supplied into one half of said chamber tocirculate around the inner chamber and return from the front toward therear in the other half, a passage near the rear by which steam isadmitted from the outer. to the inner chamber, an oil-supply pipe withdischarge-tip delivering near the center of the inner chamber and anannular flange interior to the inner chamber surrounding the burner-tipwhereby the steam is delivered from the rear into the front end of thechamber and mixed with the vaporized oil and iinally discharged from theburner.

4. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the concentricoil-vaporizing and steam-superheating chambers with closures at the rearand front end, an interposed diaphragm, connecting-passages and oil andsteam supply pipes as shown, in combination with the removableburner-tip having the projecting segmental flan ges whereby theburner-slit may be opened or closed and its form varied.

5. A burner-tip for oil-burners having the rear end adapted to bedetachably connected with the retort and vaporizer, said burner having asemiglobular head with a transverse segmental slit, and flangesprojecting beyond said head one upon each side of the slit and adaptedto be moved toward and from each other to vary the form of the slit.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, concentric vaporizing andsteam-superheating chambers, a screw-plug closing one end of thevaporizing-chamber and having an annular flange to close thecorresponding end of the superheating-chamber,-a diaphragm in the latterchamber and passages connecting one chamber 'with the other, oil andsteam supply pipes, a tip fitted to the oil-pipe and a burner-tip fittedto the front end of the vaporizing-chamber, and a pipe connecting withthe oil-supply pipe adjacent to the rear end of the apparatus, so thatby opening it and closing the oil-supply, steam may be blown backthrough the inner chamber to cleanse it. y

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

v GEORGE H. LARKIN.

Witnesses:

S. I-I. Nounsn,

JEssrE C. BRODIE.

